Vision screenings at school have been found to be fairly reliable for detecting myopia(nearsightedness), but not as good for hyperopia(farsightedness) and astigmatism.
Screenings are best designed to check distance acuity, which is important in learning, but myopia is the least risk for reading and learning problems. Myopia is also the easiest to be identified without a screening. Trouble seeing the board from a distance or seeing the television from across the room is easier to spot than a near vision or focusing problem. Hyperopia and astigmatism can cause problems with reading and comprehension.
The American Optometric Association Practice Guidlines indicates that children should undergo comprehensive eye examinations at age 1, 3, 5, and every year or two after based on their optometrist's recommendations. It is important to remember that vision is not fully developed until age 10-12, and if a vision problem such as amblyopia isn't addressed before that time there is a chance of permanent vision loss.
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